Study of destructive processing of hydrocarbons in inorganic melts. Influence of control parameters

Abstract

This article is devoted to the study of the destructive processing of hydrocarbons of different composition in inorganic melts. With the help of established methods of laboratory studies it is obtained reliable experimental data on the basis of which the influence of the main control parameters of the process is defined. it is determined an influence of the chemical composition of the melt temperature (in the range 400-600 °C) and contact times (in the range of 0,09-0,27 sec) on the composition and yield of the products in the processing of crude oil, black mineral oil, fuel oil, straight-run gasoline and n-hexane. Researches were conducted using melts of binary eutectic mixtures of metal chlorides (LiCl-KCl, NaCl-CuCl, CuCl-ZnCl 2 , NaCl-ZnCl 2 , KCl-ZnCl 2 , NaCl-MgCl 2 , CuCl-CaCl 2 , KCl-FeCl 3 ), and also Pb-Sn. The optimal process conditions are virtually identical to the raw material of any composition when the maximum liquid yield temperature of about 500 ° C, contact time – from 0,15-0,20 sec, melts – a mixture of metal chlorides with ZnCl 2 or FeCl 3 . Processing of hydrocarbons in optimal conditions can increase the yield of light oil products for crude oil – by 22,1-23,9 %, for black mineral oil – by 23,7-25,9 %; to increase the octane number of straight-run gasoline by 26 points, mainly due to increase in the yield of isoparaffins; obtain a high yield of isomers in the processing of individual hydrocarbons (to 28,9 % from n-hexane).