Study of demographic, hematological profile and risk stratification in chronic myeloid leukemia patients, in and around North-West Punjab, India

Abstract

Background: Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a hematopoietic stem cell disorder with cytogenic profile and tyrosine kinase inhibitors used as its therapy. Objective of the present study was to determine the demographic, haematological profile and to characterize them in low and high-risk group on presentation with European treatment and outcome study score (EUTOS) in CML patients in and around North-West Punjab, India.Methods: Diagnosed cases of CML were taken. Investigations were done. Molecular and cytogenetic studies were also done whenever required and with EUTOS patients were stratified and then treatment was individualized.Results: Total 100 patients were enrolled. The mean age of presentation of CML was 44.7 years with M:F ratio was 1:1. 20% cases were of Hindu religion and 80% cases were Sikh by religion. 68% cases from rural area and 32% cases were from urban area. 92 patients were in chronic phase, 5 patients in accelerated phase, and 3 patients were found in blast crisis phase. Out of total 100 cases, 32% cases were of high-risk group and 68% cases were of low-risk group on presentation according to EUTOS.Conclusions: Most CML patients in north west Punjab are young (31-40 years) with male: female ratio is 1:1. Majority of them were Sikh by religion and from rural area. Most of them presented in Chronic phase of the disease and with low-risk strata according to EUTOS. Conclusion is that most patients presents in early phase of disease, with anaemia, leucocytosis or splenomegaly.