Abstract
Severe and complicated malaria is defined by the World Health Organization Malaria Action Programme in June 19851 as the presence of one or more of the following conditions in a slide confirmed diagnosed case of malaria cerebral malaria, severe anemia, renal failure, pulmonary edema or adult respiratory distress syndrome, hypoglycemia, circulatory collapse or shock, spontaneous bleeding, repeated generalized convulsions, acidemia or acidosis, macroscopic hemoglobinuria, impairment of consciousness less marked than unarousable coma,, hyperparasitemia, jaundice, hyperpyrexia, and the presence of complicating or associated infections. However, severe anemia and thrombocytopenia that causes bleeding diatesis is produced by hemolysis, reduced cell deformity of parasitized and non-parasitized erythrocytes, increased splenic clearance, reduction of platelet survival, decreased platelet production, and increased splenic uptake of platelets. Though these changes can be produced by P. vivax and P. falciparum infection yet the complicated malaria has commonly been associated with P. falciparum infections.
Highlights
Vivax malaria has been commonly considered benign devoid of these complications
Table - shows the Incidence of inclusion criteria for severe and complicated malaria Severe anemia is seen in 2.5% cases of vivax as compared to falciparum & mixed in which severe malaria seen in 8.4% cases. pulmonary oedema is seen more in vivax (2.5%) as compared to (1.4%) in falciparum & mixed
Incidence of hypoglycemia is seen in 1.2% cases of vivax as compared to 2.8% in falciparum & mixed, hypotension is seen in 3.8% cases of vivax as compared to 4.2% in falciparum & mixed, hyper pyrexia is seen in 8.9% cases of vivax as compared to 11.2% in falciparum & mixed .Renal failure, cerebral malaria, p
Summary
Vivax malaria has been commonly considered benign devoid of these complications. There have been reports of complications associated with Vivax malaria[234] P. vivax complications are both sequestration-related and nonsequestration-related[5] including cerebral malaria, renal failure, circulatory collapse, severe anemia, hemoglobinurea, abnormal bleeding, ARDS, and jaundice. In view of higher incidence of vivax malaria and recent reports of complications associated with it; there is a need to study the epidemiology of it. A cross sectional study has been carried out to find out the clinical features and epidemiology of complications related to P.vivax malaria in Western Rajasthan. Pulmonary edema and acute The acute lung injury score is calculated on the basis of respiratory distress syndrome radiographic densities, severity of hypoxemia, and positive end-expiratory pressure. Circulatory collapse (algid Systolic blood pressure 5 years of age malaria). > 5% parasitized erythrocytes or > 250 000 parasites/μl (in nonimmune individuals)
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