Abstract
The valorization of Senegalese attapulgite clay in concrete, as a solution against the exhaustion of the cement deposits was studied. In that purpose, attapulgite was first calcined at 800°C to make it reactive and added in concrete by substitution of Portland cement (CEM I 52.5N) at contents of 0, 5 and 10% by conserving a constant water/cement ratio value of 0.65. The effects of the partial replacement of cement by attapulgite on the physicochemical and mechanical properties of the concrete as well as on the steel-concrete bond were examined. For this purpose, the water porosity, the intrinsic permeability and the density of the clay-based concrete were evaluated. Compression, tensile and pull-out tests were carried out to determine the impact of clay on the Young modulus, the compressive and tensile strengths and the steel-concrete bond. This study was completed by a characterization of the pozzolanic reactivity of calcined attapulgite. All the results of these studies were compared with those of Portland cement as a reference. The substitution of cement by attapulgite up to 10% in concrete has only a small influence on its porosity and permeability and confers to the concrete gain in compressive strength of 11%. However, it caused a loss of steel-concrete bond of 10%.
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