Study of Aerobic Agents that Causes Secondary Infection Associated with Atopic Dermatitis (Eczema) in an Affected Patients Admitted to Ramadi Teaching Hospital and Private Clinics in Ramadi City-Western of Iraq

Abstract

Background : Atopic dermatitis or Atopic Eczema(AE) is a chronic, inflammatory skin disease which usually develops in early stage of life (childhood). In spite of the intensive investigations, the causes of Atopic Eczema still unclear, but are more likely to be multifactorial in nature. The interaction between environmental factors and genetic-factor seem to play a key role in the progression of disease. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of secondary bacterial infections associated with Eczema and the antibiograms of the most common bacterial isolates toward available commercial antibiotics. Patients and Methods: Swabs were taken from the affected patients with Eczema. Specimens were examined microscopically as soon as possible (within one hour) by direct Gram-stained smears and indirectly by cultivation aerobically using suitable culture media. Bacterial isolates were diagnosed and confirmed using suitable diagnostic techniques. The antibiotics susceptibility was determined by the Kirby Bauer Disc diffusion method and the results were interpreted according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines2018. Results: A total of 44 bacterial isolates were isolated from 55 patients affected with Eczema during a period from August to December 2019. Staphylococcus epidermidis took the first rank of isolation 18 (40.9%) fallowed by Staphylococcus aureus (14, 31.8%), Klebisella pneumonia (7, 15.9%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (4, 9.1%) and Proteus spp (1, 2.3%). Conclusion: Gram-positive bacteria including Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureusappeared to be the most bacterial agent that caused secondary bacterial infection with Eczema.