Abstract
The electrical conversion efficiency of a solar photovoltaic panel depends on ambient conditions. The efficiency of the photovoltaic panel (PV) system is affected by the module temperature rise. Operating solar panels at high temperate affects efficiency as well overall life of the panel. The researchers have proposed a design that will provide simultaneity electricity and water at a high temperature which is commonly known as photovoltaic thermal (PVT). This is a very cost-effective solar energy application. However, further concerted studies (experimental and analytical) must are required in the design of new heat collectors having more thermal efficiency and lower cost. Researchers reported the use of air and water as cooling fluids in the PVT system. But water-based systems are practically more effective as compared to air-based systems. The temperature fluctuation in the water-based system is lower than the air-based collectors. In this paper, efforts made by various researchers to study of water-based PVT have been presented, which give direction to further research.
Published Version
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