Abstract
A patented bidirectional power converter was studied as an interface to connect the DC-bus of driving inverter, battery energy storage (BES), and ultracapacitor (UC) to solve the problem that the driving motor damages the battery life during acceleration and deceleration in electric vehicles (EVs). The proposed concept was to adopt a multiport switch to control the power flow and achieve the different operating mode transitions for the better utilization of energy. In addition, in order to improve the conversion efficiency, the proposed converter used a coupled inductor and interleaved-pulse-width-modulation (IPWM) control to achieve a high voltage conversion ratio (i.e., bidirectional high step-up/down conversion characteristics). This study discussed the steady-state operation and characteristic analysis of the proposed converter. Finally, a 500 W power converter prototype with specifications of 72 V DC-bus, 24 V BES, and 48 V UC was built, and the feasibility was verified by simulation and experiment results. The highest efficiency points of the realized prototype were 97.4%, 95.5%, 97.2%, 97.1%, and 95.3% for the UC charge, battery charge, UC discharge, the dual-energy in series discharge, and battery discharge modes, respectively.
Highlights
Electric vehicle (EV) technologies are currently being developed to lessen environmental impact and overcome shortages of fossil fuel [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]
Such long-term use causes damage to the external body of the battery and excessively charges and discharges the battery energy storage (BES), which eventually will shorten the lifespan of the BES, in high power applications
It can be seen that the static voltage conversion ratio of the proposed converter in in the the discharge dischargemode modehas hasaabetter betterperformance, performance,compared comparedwith withthe theconventional conventionalboost boostconverter
Summary
Electric vehicle (EV) technologies are currently being developed to lessen environmental impact and overcome shortages of fossil fuel [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]. The purpose of the power converter is to maintain a constant voltage value on the DC-bus during the operation of the motor The drawback of this scheme is that the BES is exposed to large fluctuations of high charging and discharging current, resulting in its reduced lifetime. An alternative is to employ the scheme, where the power converters are connected in parallel and directly to the DC-bus [13,24,25,26,27,28] In this scheme, the power converters have the same output voltage, and the power flow of both the energy sources (BES and UC). 13, to 4 of as shown in Figure 2, into the EV system [29,30,31,32,33]
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