Abstract

The Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines (HAWT) are used very popular in the world. They were installed mainly on land. However, on the land, the wind regime change is very complex such as high turbulence and constantly changing wind direction. In the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 61400-1 standard, the wind regime is devided into the normal wind conditions and the extreme wind conditions. This study will focus on the extreme wind direction change and estimate the aerodynamic forces acting on a 3-bladed HAWT under this condition. Because the extreme wind direction change may cause extreme loads and it will affect the lifetime of HAWTs. This issue is experimented in the wind tunnel in Mie University, Japan to understand these effects. The wind turbine model is the 3-bladed HAWT type and using Avistar airfoil for making blades. A 6-component balance is used to measure the forces and the moments acting on the entire wind turbine in the three directions of x, y and z-axes. This study estimates the load fluctuation of the 3-bladed wind turbine under extreme wind direction change. The results show that the yaw moment and the pitch moment under the extreme wind direction change fluctuate larger than the normal wind condition. Specifically, before the sudden wind direction change happened, the averaged maximum pitch moment MX is -1.78 Nm, and after that MX is 4.45 Nm at inrush azimuth of 0°.©2019. CBIORE-IJRED. All rights reserved

Highlights

  • In recent years, the movement to promote clean energy has been activated from the viewpoint of global warming prevention and energy security

  • The fatigue and extreme loads of wind turbine components were analysed under some conditions such as the normal and extreme turbulence, the extreme gust events, and the direction changes according to the certification specifications (Lars O.Bernhammer et, al. 2016)

  • Thence, the paper will show the experimental results of the effect of the extreme wind direction change on the load of 3-blade horizontal axis wind turbine

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Summary

Introduction

The movement to promote clean energy has been activated from the viewpoint of global warming prevention and energy security. The problem of extreme gust wind and direction change recognition and extreme event control, based on the structural dynamic system were presented. They can prevent the rotor speed from exceeding the over-speed limit by the fast collective blade pitching (Kanev et al, 2010). The fatigue and extreme loads of wind turbine components were analysed under some conditions such as the normal and extreme turbulence, the extreme gust events, and the direction changes according to the certification specifications Thence, the paper will show the experimental results of the effect of the extreme wind direction change on the load of 3-blade horizontal axis wind turbine.

Wind tunnel and 3-bladed wind turbine
Sudden direction change condition in wind tunnel experiments
Data arrangement method
Variation of pitch moment at sudden wind direction change relative
Wind turbine yaw moment fluctuation due to sudden change in wind direction
Conclusion
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