Abstract
Abstract The oxidation state of Cu ions in zeolite Y depends on the pretreatment procedure. After activation for more than 8 hours at 675 K phases similar to CuO occur. Admitting hydrogen at 575 K, a reduction to Cu(I) but not to Cu(O) metallic clusters is observed. Probably a reaction with extraframework oxygen takes place. However, a reduction to rather small metallic copper clusters is observed after co-addition of water vapour and hydrogen. This demonstrates the important role of strong ligands like water in the reduction mechanism, enabling a controlled formation of copper clusters.
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