Studies on humoral immunity in dogs after use of rabies inactivated vaccines formulated with Montanide ISA 70 VG and GEL 01 adjuvants

Abstract

Despite all the efforts made, the issue of rabies in the world does not lose its relevance. As an acute endemic infection, it poses a considerable danger to both animals and humans. The leading role in the transmission of rabies to humans belongs to diseased dogs; stray animals can be potential sources of rabies agent, which increases the risk of transmitting a deadly virus to humans. Rabies prevention in dogs around the world is carried out by counting the number of these animals, their mandatory routine immunization and evaluating the effectiveness of vaccination against the accumulation of rabies virus-neutralizing antibodies. Inactivated vaccines based on different viral strains formulated with a wide range of adjuvants are used to induce a protective level of humoral immunity against rabies in dogs (≥ 0.5 IU/cm3), which allows vaccines with high safety and effectiveness for the target animal species to be obtained. The article presents the results of the study of humoral immunity in 20 non-pedigree dogs 21 days after the administration of rabies inactivated vaccines based on culture rabies virus from ARRIAH strain formulated with various adjuvants. The presented rabies vaccines formulated with oil adjuvant Montanide ISA 70 VG and gel adjuvant Montanide GEL 01 were innocuous and safe and induced strong immunity in all vaccinated animals. The vaccine formulated with Montanide ISA 70 VG adjuvant in case of a single administration in the dose of 1.0 cm3 induces formation of rabies virus-neutralizing antibodies in the level of 2.4 times higher than the vaccine formulated with Montanide GEL 01 adjuvant. The highest levels of rabies antibodies in dogs were 48.1 ± 3.7 and 28.3 ± 1.5 IU/cm3 and were observed with the use of rabies inactivated emulsion vaccine in the doses of 3.0 and 1.0 cm3 respectively.