Abstract
Anode effect is a characteristic phenomenon in molten salts electrolysis, especially in aluminium electrolysis. When it occurs, many small electric sparks appear on the anode, and the cell voltage increases suddenly. In this paper the anode effect was studied by means of cathode-ray oscillography. The back electromotive force of the aluminium electrolysis cell with various kinds of anode materials (carbon, graphite, platinum and other inert materials) was measured. It was clearly observed that a series of electrochemical decomposition processes took place when the anode effect occured on carbon anodes. The values of back EMF of these processes were in the range of 1.0 – 5.5 V. These were checked with thermodynamics calculations. A direct short-circuit of current from anode to cathode was also observed during the whole process of anode effect. These phenomena were compared with those observed on microelectrolysis cells, and the mechanism of anode effect was suggested.
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