Studi Penatalaksanaan dan Ketepatan Pengobatan Antihipertensi pada Wanita Hamil di RSUD Toto Kabila

Abstract

Hypertension is a condition that can affect pregnancy. High blood pressure during pregnancy can hinder fetal and uterine growth, lead to fetal death in the womb, and result in premature birth. These complications can be minimized with appropriate antihypertensive therapy. The objective of this study is to determine the incidence rate, management, and accuracy of antihypertensive treatment according to the reference standards of the 2016 Preeclampsia National Medical Service Guidelines (PNPK). This research was an observational descriptive study where the data obtained were secondary data collected retrospectively from medical records at Regional Public Hospital of Toto Kabila from September 2022 to May 2023. The sample was taken using a saturated sampling technique, so the sample in this study included all pregnant women diagnosed with preeclampsia. The results of the study obtained 65 patients, consisting of 36 severe preeclampsia patients and 29 mild preeclampsia patients. The study showed that hypertension in pregnant women was often found in the age group of 26-35 years, with 25 patients (39%), and in the third trimester of pregnancy, with 23 cases, while 2 experienced hypertension in the first trimester. 12 patients were diagnosed with severe preeclampsia and 13 patients with mild preeclampsia. The treatment of hypertension in pregnant women for mild preeclampsia included methyldopa (34%) and nifedipine (7%). For severe preeclampsia, single therapy included methyldopa (39%), amlodipine (8%), and combination therapy such as nifedipine + methyldopa (36%) and methyldopa + amlodipine (17%). The accuracy of antihypertensive drug use in pregnant women based on the 2016 Preeclampsia PNPK was 86%, including appropriate indications, correct drugs and correct doses.