Studi korelasi antara sarkopenia dengan nilai bone mineral density (BMD) pada populasi geriatri di Desa Adat Kapal

Abstract

Background: Sarcopenia is a common condition in geriatric population. Prior studies suggest its relationship with decreased bone mineral density (BMD) level.
 Objective: To determine the correlation between sarcopenia and bone mineral density among geriatric population.
 Methods: This cross-sectional study employed random sampling method to select for participants. Study were invited to attend for assessments including bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and digital handgrip dynamometer from which muscle mass and power were determined respectively, whilst bone mineral density was assessed using quantitative ultrasound densitometry (QUS). Data analysis was performed using SPSS 16.
 Results: Sixty-six samples aged 60 to 77 years contributed data to the analysis in which 22.73% was sarcopenic. Abnormal BMD level (53%), low muscle mass (38%), low muscle power (28%), and low physical performance (29%) were assessed accordingly. Data analysis revealed correlation between BMD with muscle mass (r=0.282; p=0.023), age (r=-0.131; p=0.298), physical performance (r=-0.578; p=0.000), and handgrip (r=0.434; p=0.000). Comparative test yielded mean BMD level of -2,37 and -1,59 in sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic study respectively (p=0.003). There was positive correlation between sarcopenia and BMD level (r=0.373; p= 0.002).
 Conclusion: Sarcopenia prevalence is relatively high in geriatric population. Lower BMD level is observed in sarcopenic population. There is strong positive correlation between sarcopenia and BMD level, thus reflecting lower level of BMD in sarcopenic patient. Factors associated with BMD level according to the strength of correlation are physical performance, muscle power, muscle mass, and age.