Strut-assisted injection of liquid fuel in a supersonic combustor

Abstract

This paper investigates mixing and combustion of liquid fuel in a model scramjet combustor with strut-assisted injection adjacent to a cavity flame holder. Fuel/air mixing in a Mach 2.2 cross-flow and stagnation temperature of 1300 K was studied using filtered IR imaging. The insight gained by this method is discussed along with the method limitations. The impact of the strut assisted injection on the mixing of the liquid fuel was seen by the shorter vaporization distance, as the fuel vaporized upstream of the cavity, in contract to a liquid jet that expanded above most of the cavity when the strut was absent. Moreover, the fuel jet was seen to propagate laterally to the tip of the strut, which lead to lateral dispersion of the fuel up the strut height. The combustion experiments were conducted by piloting the cavity with ethylene and were imaged using CH* chemiluminescence. At stagnation temperature of 1300 K thermal choking and stable combustion occurred at equivalence ratio of 0.43, with the flame stabilizing at the strut wake, above the cavity. Intermittent thermal choking occurred at leaner condition. The flame stabilized on the cavity shear layer when the shock train moved downstream of the cavity and the flame stabilized at the strut wake when the shock train moved upstream. Thermal choking with the strut guided injection relative to a combustion only in the cavity without the strut is the result of the observed higher mixing efficiency, that enabled flame spreading into the supersonic flow and higher heat release. At a higher stagnation temperature of 1500 K the shock train moved downstream of the cavity, and the flame stabilized on the cavity shear layer. Finally, it is shown that the combustion efficiency could be further improved by injecting the fuel from the strut side walls.