Structure-Property Relations in Lanthanide Borate Glasses

Abstract

Glass formation in the system Ln2O3-B2O3 (Ln = Nd, Sm) was studied. Glasses could be formed in the range from 0 to -28 mol% rare-earth oxide (Ln2O3), but liquid immiscibility in these systems limits the range of homogeneous glasses to 0 to 1.5 and 25 to 28 mol% Ln2O3. The infrared spectra indicate that the rare-earth-rich glasses are structurally similar to rare-earth metaborates (LnB3O6) which contain (B3O6)- chains. The variation in density, transformation temperature, thermal expansion coefficient, and transformation-range viscosity of these glasses with the size of the rare-earth ion is discussed. Glasses near the metaborate composition have a transformation temperature of =700°C, which is high for binary borate glasses. Glasses could not be formed in the systems EU2O3-, Gd2O3-, HO2O3-, and Er2O3-B2O3, even by quenching at =1300°C/s. The sudden lack of glass formation in the system Ln2O3-B2O3 with Ln3+ ions smaller than Sm3+ is explained on the basis of the size effect of the Ln3+ ion on the stability of (B3O6)- chains in these metaborates.