Abstract
Ca12Al14O33 (C12A7, 12CaO·7Al2O3, or [ Ca 12 Al 14 O 32 ] 2 + : O 2 − ) is a material with a clathrate cage framework, positively charged and stabilized by anions occluded within 17% of the cages. The occluded anion is modular and can be elemental, polyatomic, and electronic in nature. This review focuses on the electride C12A7 ( [ Ca 24 Al 28 O 64 ] 4 + : ( 4 * ∂ ) e − ( 2 − ∂ ) O 2 − ), where O2− anions are replaced with electrons, and compliments previous structural and electronic property reviews to illuminate the structure–property relationships. Electride formation is updated with new findings in carbonaceous reduction methods. Most importantly, an extensive compilation of cationic doped C12A7 isostructural compounds is presented as motivation to study doped C12A7 electrides. Cationic dopants have profound impacts on the electronic properties due to changes in the density of states, localized electron behavior, and structural distortions.
Highlights
Ca12 Al14 O33 (C12A7), the mineral mayenite, appears in early cement literature and is the first inorganic electride stable at room temperature
The goal of this review is to consolidate the structure–physical property relationships, research, and investigate the effects of cation doping into the C12A7 clathrate cage framework
Relationships research, and investigate the effects of cation doping into the C12A7 clathrate cage framework
Summary
Ca12 Al14 O33 (C12A7), the mineral mayenite, appears in early cement literature and is the first inorganic electride stable at room temperature. The electrons are delocalized from their parent atoms and migrate through the positive the reports of localized electrons, e.g., alkali ammonia solutions, ionic solids, and Farbe color centers, crystalline frameworks to ensure charge neutrality. This idea of quantum confinement is not new and predate the 20th century [36]. Dye’s group has successfully synthesized many crystalline organic the reports of localized electrons, e.g., alkali ammonia solutions, ionic solids, and Farbe color centers, electrides, where the majority contain cavities 4–6 Å in diameter with 7–9 Å between cage centers predate. Illuminate discrepancies due to the complicated nature of the compound, suggest areas for future
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