Structure of the Midgut of the Queen Bee &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Apis mellifera&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; &amp;lt;I&amp;gt;L.&amp;lt;/I&amp;gt; Naturally Infected with &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Sacbrood virus&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; (SBV)

Iurii Kovalskyi,Lidiya Kovalska,Yaroslav Vovkun,Vasylyna Fedak,Andrii Druzhbiak

doi:10.11648/j.avs.20210903.15

Abstract

Bees and their larvae are susceptible to various viral diseases, which leads to disruption of the bee family, and sometimes to its death. The Sacbrood virus is especially dangerous for the bee family. Sick families differ sharply in their condition and productivity from healthy ones, develop slowly in the spring, and grow little brood. Therefore, the aim of the study was to identify physiological changes in the intestines of mature uteruses affected by Sacbrood virus or SBV disease. Histological examinations supplemented the data on the pathogenesis of honey bees affected by Sacbrood virus. Data on physiological and morphological changes in the middle part of the intestine of fertile queens are presented. Histological examinations were performed in different parts of the midgut. In patients of queens, in comparison with clinically healthy ones, changes in the function of the pertrophic membrane were revealed. An increase in the length of the midgut fold in the anterior part of the intestine by 23% (p<0.001) was detected. Under the influence of pathogenicity of the virus there is an intensive proliferation of enterocytes in the middle part of the intestine. The defeat of the structural components of the mucosa is evidenced by the absence of a peretrophic membrane in the caudal direction of the midgut of diseased queens where necrotic lesions of the mucous membrane up to the basement membrane were detected.

Highlights

Honey bees are the main pollinators of entomophilous crops [1]
The mucous membrane of the midgut of the queens of honey bees is represented by a single layer of epithelium, which is lined with many folds
The virus enters the hemolymph through the midgut, which performs the function of digestion and absorption of food in honey bees

Summary

Introduction

Honey bees are the main pollinators of entomophilous crops [1]. They, like all other insects, are exposed to infectious diseases [2,3,4].The health of bees largely depends on immunity, which is affected by numerous abiotic and biotic factors [5]. Honey bees are the main pollinators of entomophilous crops [1]. They, like all other insects, are exposed to infectious diseases [2,3,4]. The health of bees largely depends on immunity, which is affected by numerous abiotic and biotic factors [5]. The social way of life of large groups on the one hand helps them to counteract pathogenic factors [6]. On the other hand, such cohesion is an ideal place for the activity and spread of pathogens of many diseases [7, 8].

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Discussion

Conclusion