Structure of biomolecular films through advanced imaging and statistical analysis

Abstract

This manuscript is dedicated to advancing the understanding of biomolecular film on solid target formation, with a particular emphasis on the intricacies of structure nonuniformities in amino acid and protein-based dehydrated films. Experimental and theoretical studying the structure of films at the quantitative level has been created and tested. By integrating advanced imaging and statistical analysis, we dissect the dynamics and intricacies of domain structures, including cellular and microcrystalline formations, that significantly influence dehydrated biomolecular film properties. The research process entails preparing amino acid and protein solutions, capturing high-resolution images during dehydration, and implementing advanced digital image processing techniques like Laplacian Pyramid Restoration and Gaussian Differential Scale-Invariance for enhanced image clarity. Analytical approach includes domain segmentation and texture analysis using Haralick features, enabling precise quantification of structural complexities in films formed under various dehydration conditions and protein concentrations. The suggested physical model describes the transition from equilibrium solutions through nonequilibrium processes to complex bubble vaporization, dehydration-induced Dewetting and domain differentiation, thus explained observed spiral formations within protein domains. This model provids a detailed mechanistic understanding of how environmental conditions and molecular dynamics drive the formation of domains, paving the way for developing films with tailored properties for diverse applications. These insights hold significant implications across various fields, including material science, nanotechnology, biomedical applications, environmental monitoring, electronics, and photonics.