Abstract
29 Si magic angle spinning (MAS) NMR spectroscopy has been applied for the first time to the structural analysis of ancient glass samples obtained from archaeological excavations. The results show that it is possible to establish the distribution of Si environments in ancient glass by 29 Si MAS NMR, so long as the concentrations of magnetic impurities, such as Mn and Fe oxides, are low. In general, good agreement has been obtained with compositions determined by means of electron probe microanalysis. In addition, the 29 Si MAS NMR data reveal structural differences between glasses manufactured at separate ancient sites.
Highlights
Silicate glasses consist of SiO4 tetrahedra which link via bridging oxygen atoms to form threedimensional networks
In summary this paper describes the first analysis of ancient glass by 29Si magic angle spinning (MAS) NMR
The results demonstrate somewhat unexpectedly that it is possible to establish the distribution of Si environments in ancient glass by 29Si MAS NMR, despite their complex compositions
Summary
Silicate glasses consist of SiO4 tetrahedra which link via bridging oxygen atoms to form threedimensional networks. The 14 samples from Beirut were obtained from excavations of the earliest recorded tank furnaces found there and are all natron glasses.[15] Compositions were determined previously by electron probe microanalysis (unpublished data) indicating SiO2 contents between 67.7 and 73.7 wt%; Na2O 15.3 and 19.5 wt%; CaO 7.2 and 8.6 wt%; K2O 0.4 and 1.0 wt%; MgO 0.4 and 0.7 wt%, and Al2O3 2.2 and 2.6 wt%.
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