Structure, magnetism and magnetocaloric properties in performance GdClWO4 compound

Abstract

Rare earth elements possessing a diverse range of optical, electrical, and magnetic properties has attracted more attention. In the present work, GdClWO4 compound with monoclinic structure was prepared, the structure, magnetism and magnetocaloric effect (MCE) were investigated. The magnetic phase transition temperature (TN), magnetic ground state and maximum magnetic entropy change (−ΔSMmax) were derived from magnetization measurements. Both first principles calculation and experimental results suggest that the compound displays antiferromagnetic (AFM) interactions, with a magnetic transition occurring at 0.6 K, shifting from a paramagnetic (PM) state to an AFM state. The −ΔSMmax is up to 35.2 J kg−1 K−1 (205.9 mJ cm−3 K−1) for GdClWO4 at T = 1.3 K under a magnetic field change of 0–50 kOe. In particular, the volumetric magnetic entropy change still remains 83.1 mJ cm−3 K−1 at 0.5 K and μ0ΔH = 20 kOe, which is almost twice as much as that of commercial refrigerant Gd3Ga5O12 (GGG) under μ0ΔH = 20 kOe, establishing GdClWO4 compound as a potential candidate for cryogenic refrigeration applications.