Abstract
The results of a study of the structure and mechanical properties of a steel strip cut from the first railroad bridge across the Ob river constructed 120 years ago are given. The steel for the bridge was made at the Votkinsk plant in the Urals at the end of the 19th century. In this work, the chemical composition of the steel has been analyzed and a comparison of the quality of the material with the contemporary analogs has been carried out. It has been established that the steel used in the production of the bridge is characterized by a low content of sulfur and phosphorus. At the same time, the metal contains an enhanced content of nonmetallic inclusions. The presence of inclusions oriented in the rolling direction favorably affects the resistance to fatigue cracking of the steel. The cracks are retarded at the boundaries between the inclusions and the metallic matrix.
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