Abstract
Abstract Microbial mats from Salins-de-Giraud (Camargue, France) and Guerande (Bretagne, France) were maintained in microcosm to determine the impact of crude oil contamination on bacterial communities. Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (T-RFLP) analyses revealed noticeable changes in the bacterial community structures concomitant with petroleum degradation. The results demonstrate clearly different periods with a succession of different bacterial populations. Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) that could be related to Chloroflexus, Burkholderia, Desulfovibrio and Cytophaga genera were found among the populations well adapted to crude oil exposure. To further evaluate the metabolic ability to degrade hydrocarbons of such oil contaminated microbial communities, we studied the diversity of the genes encoding enzymes known to be involved in hydrocarbon compounds degradation: the naphthalene and the phenanthrene dioxygenases. This analyses indicated that although diverse Polyciclic Aromatic Hy...
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