Abstract
Foreign trade has been a principal tool of the economic policies implemented in Turkey since the foundation of the Republic in 1923. In parallel with the significant developments in the national and global economies, several structural transformations occurred in foreign trade patterns and policies of Turkey. Political approaches varied from strictly protectionist trade regimes to semi-open models and free trade regimes. Previously implemented protectionist trade policies were abandoned in the 1980s for the current open economic policy based on export-led growth model. All these facts led to drastic changes in the composition of goods subject to both Turkey's exports and imports. This chapter examines the fundamental shifts and changes in Turkey's foreign trade by reviewing historical developments, and specifies the existing structural problems in Turkey's foreign trade by analyzing detailed trade data.
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