Abstract
Lycopi Herba has been broadly used as a traditional medicinal herb in Asia due to its ability to strengthen immunity. However, it is still obscure for its material basis and underlying mechanisms. Polysaccharide, as one of the most important components of most natural herbs, usually contributes to the immunomodulatory ability of herbs. Here, we aimed to detect polysaccharides from Lycopi Herba and examine their potential immunomodulatory activity. A novel polysaccharide (LHPW) was extracted from Lycopi Herba and purified by DEAE-52 cellulose chromatography and G-100 sephadex. According to physicochemical methods and monosaccharide composition analysis, LHPW was mainly composed of galactose, glucose, fructose, and arabinose. NMR and methylation analyses indicated that LHPW was a neutral polysaccharide with a backbone containing →3,6)-β-D-Galp-(1→, →4)-β-D-Galp-(1→ and →4)-α-D-Glcp-(1→, with the branches of →1)-β-D-Fruf-(2→ and →6)-α-D-Galp-(1→. Immunological tests indicated that LHPW could activate macrophage RAW264.7 and promote splenocyte proliferation. This study discovered a novel polysaccharide from Lycopi Herba and showed it was a potential immunomodulator.
Highlights
By virtue of the efficacy and safety, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is getting back up to a crucial status in the health area (Zhang et al, 2020)
Stachyose is a tetrasaccharide composed of “Galactose–Galactose–Glucose–Fructose” and has been reported to have the ability to balance the intestinal microecosystem by selective proliferation of the bifidobacteria
A novel water-soluble polysaccharide LHPW with a molecular weight of 5,255 Da was first isolated from Lycopi Herba
Summary
By virtue of the efficacy and safety, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is getting back up to a crucial status in the health area (Zhang et al, 2020). Hirtus Regel is a traditional Chinese medicine that is mainly used for promoting blood circulation, removing blood stasis, and strengthening immunity (Lee et al, 2010). Some components have been identified for Lycopi Herba, such as luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucuronide methyl ester, phenolic compounds, and oligosaccharides (Lee et al, 2010; Yang et al, 2010; Lu et al, 2018). Among the kinds of components, polysaccharides have received a lot of attention in recent years for their variety of bioactivities, such as immunomodulatory, antitumor, antioxidative, and hypoglycemic activities with lower toxicity and side effects (Kardosová and Machová, 2006; Schepetkin and Quinn, 2006). Little is known about the polysaccharides of Lycopi Herba for their structures and biological activities
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