Structural Characterization and Gas Sensing Properties of Nano-Sized Tin Dioxide Material Synthesized from Tin(II) Sulfate

E Ovodok,M Ivanovskaya,V Kormosh,D Kotsikau,V Bilanych,P Pylyp

doi:10.15407/ujpe66.9.803

E Ovodok, M Ivanovskaya + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.15407/ujpe66.9.803

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Abstract

Structural features, surface condition, and gas-sensing properties of the nanocrystalline SnO2 powders synthesized from SnSO4 precursor by different methods have been studied. XRD, TEM, BET, and FTIR methods were used for the samples characterization. The gas sensors were fabricated by the thick-film technology from the synthesized SnO2 powders. The responses of the sensors toward CO and CH4 gases are measured. It is revealed that the preoxidation of SnSO4 powder with concentrated sulfuric acid before the hydrolysis results in the lower particle size, higher surface area, improved adsorption activity, and higher sensitivity to reducing gases (CO, CH4) of the synthesized SnO2 materials, than in the case of the SnO2 materials obtained without the preoxidation stage.

Highlights

Tin dioxide is widely used as a solid-state gas sensor material due to its physico-chemical properties, chemical stability, and relatively low cost [1,2,3]
Yamazoe and coworkers showed that the sensors fabricated from tin dioxide with particle sizes in the interval from 4 to 10 nm generally possess a higher gas sensitivity, than the sensors fabricated from coarser SnO2 particles [7, 8]
According to the X-ray diffraction (XRD) data, the as-prepared sample synthesized by method I contains the Sn6O4(OH)4 phase (JCPDS 84-2157) and SnO2 rutile phase (JCPDS 88-0287)

Summary

Introduction

Tin dioxide is widely used as a solid-state gas sensor material due to its physico-chemical properties, chemical stability, and relatively low cost [1,2,3]. G.W. Wang and coworkers showed that the addition of SO24− ions to tin(IV) hydroxide during the SnO2 synthesis from SnCl4 caused a notable increase in the surface area of the calcinated oxide [12]. The residual chloride ions can degrade the gas- sensitive properties of the SnO2 sensor materials. Tin(IV) sulphate is hydrolyzed by crystal water and humidity of air For this reason, SnSO4 salt was chosen as an initial precursor. Sulphate ions can modify the surface and change the adsorption and catalytic properties of metal oxides. The present work is aimed at the characterization of the structure and gas-sensing properties of SnO2 materials that are prepared by different routes from the SnSO4 precursor and are suitable for the production of thick film gas sensors

Material and Methods

Results and Discussion

Method I Method II

Conclusions