Abstract
The age and gender characteristics of the metabolic syndrome and hypothyroidism development, as well as the differences between the hormonal balance of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis, changes in the lipid profile of blood under conditions of thyroid dysfunction, are known. A dangerous manifestation of metabolic syndrome (insulin resistance and obesity) is non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. The purpose of the study: to establish in the experiment the structural features of the liver of rats with IP in the background of acquired and congenital iodine deficiency, taking into account sexual dimorphism. The studies were conducted on non-linear, sexually mature rats (males and females) weighing 150-180 g, which were divided into six experimental groups (20 males and 20 females each). The IP animals were modeled by adding 10% fructose solution to drinking water for 8 weeks (2nd, 5th and 6th experimental groups). Animals of 3-6th experimental groups received iodine deficient diet, in particular, 4th and 6th - were on the second generation diet, 3rd and 5th - during the 45 days of the experiment. In rats with insulin resistance, there was revealed the development of regenerative processes in the cell, in particular, in the nucleus, which is indicated by an increase of the nuclear-cytoplasmic index and the presence of binuclear hepatocytes. Вut the intensity of the regenerative process is low (the decrease of the ratio of the nucleus area to the hepatocyte nucleus is determined). Sexual dimorphism is in the presence of foci of the fatty dystrophy of hepatocytes and the pronounced zonal character of hepatocyte dystrophic processes in females compared with males, whose dystrophy is more diffuse in nature. Aggravated the development of structural changes in the liver, iodine deficiency, in particular, congenital. Hepatobiliary risk under the conditions of the IR on the background of iodine deprivation is higher in females.
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