Structural and magnetic properties of M-type hexaferrite nanoparticles: A comparative analysis of BaFe12O19 and SrFe12O19 synthesized via chemical co-precipitation

Abstract

In this work, a comprehensive analysis of the structural and magnetic properties of the M-type hexaferrite (BaFe12O19 and SrFe12O19) was conducted using the chemical co-precipitation approach. The analytical techniques employed include powder X-ray diffraction, Transmission Electron Microscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, and Thermogravimetric Analysis. Powder Neutron Diffraction was utilized to analyse the magnetic ordering and crystal structure. A hexagonal crystal structure with space group P63/mmc was obtained from to structural analysis. Additionally, the investigation encompassed an assessment of the maximum energy product (BH)max and magnetic properties utilizing Vibrating Sample Magnetometry across all synthesized materials. Magnetic investigations of the studied materials showed several interesting characteristics: SrM showed a maximum saturation magnetization of 49.67 emu/g and a maximum coercivity of 4874.55 Oe. Remarkably, SrFe12O19 showed twice as much saturation magnetization and remnant magnetization than BaFe12O19, suggesting more robust and effective magnetic parameters. The overarching objective of this study is to discern the optimal hexaferrite material, evaluating magnetism, coercivity, thermal stability, and energy output through a systematic exploration of crystal structure, magnetic properties, thermal behaviour, manufacturing methodologies, and microstructure. This research endeavour not only contributes crucial insights into the potential applications of both BaM and SrM but also considers their environmental implications. The study further provides valuable recommendations for selecting the most efficacious material for specific permanent magnet applications, thereby contributing to the advancement on the field of magnetic engineering. The culmination of this work is poised to facilitate informed decision-making and technological progress in the realm of hexaferrite materials with a deliberate consideration of their environmental impact.