Abstract
Recent progress and the present situation of our studies on structural and functional organization of the photosynthetic thylakoid membrane system are reviewed. Cytochemical and immuno-cytochemical investigations have revealed that in the chloroplasts of green plants the appressed grana thylakoids and the non-appressed stroma thylakoids preferentially contain photosystem I and photosystem II, respectively. In the chloroplasts of algae the pyrenoidal thylakoids contain mostly photosystem I and are largely deficient or poor in photosystem II, whereas the stromal thylakoids contain both photosystems I and II. The pyrenoid in algal chloroplasts was shown to be a mass of Calvin-cycle enzyme, ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCO) by immuno-electron microscopy
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