Structural analysis on the effectiveness of family volunteer activities: Analysis of the Moderating Effect of Causal Relationship and Volunteer Characteristics between Volunteer Satisfaction, Family Soundness, and Family Life Satisfaction

Abstract

본 연구는 가족단위의 봉사활동 참여가족의 성과특성을 구조적 관계에 초점을 맞춰 실증적으로 살펴보고, 관리 가능한 봉사특성으로서의 동기, 기간, 보상에 따른 조절효과를 추가로 분석함으로써 가족중심의 가치있는 성과창출과 가족자원봉사프로그램의 활성화를 위한 실천적 함의를 도출하고자 하였다. 이에 가족봉사프로그램을 시행하고 있는 기관 15곳의 308가족을 대상으로 구조화된 설문지를 통한 면접조사로 자료를 수집하고, 구조방정식(다집단분석 포함)을 통해 구조적 인과관계(봉사만족도, 가족건전성, 가족생활만족도 간 관계)와 봉사특성(동기, 기간, 보상)의 조절관계를 확인하였다. 분석결과 첫째. 봉사만족도와 가족건전성, 가족생활만족도 간 구조적 인과관계는 모두 유의미하고, 둘째, 하위요인에 대한 세부모형 분석에서 봉사만족도(선행변수)는 특히 활동자체만족이, 가족건전성(매개변수)는 특히 신념체계공유와 문제해결능력의 유의미성이 높은 것으로 확인되었으며, 셋째, 봉사특성의 조절효과분석에서는 봉사기간과 보상만 유의미성이 확인되었다. 이에 가족자원봉사활동을 통한 봉사성과가 가족성과로 이어질 수 있음을 전제로, 참여가족 중심 관리체계구축을 체계화해야할 것인 바 봉사성과와 가족건전성 증진을 위한 이중경로전략(two tract approach), 선(先) 참여자 평가-후(後) 프로그램 설계전략, 봉사기간과 보상의체계적 연계전략 등에 대해 제언하였다.This study aimed to empirically examine performance characteristics of families participating in family-unit volunteer activities, focusing on the structural relationship and to obtain practical implications for creation of valuable performance and revitalization of family volunteering programs by additionally analyzing the moderating effects of service motivation, service period, and reward, which are manageable service characteristics. We conducted interviews with 308 families from 15 centers running family volunteering programs using structured questionnaires and based on the data collected, we examined the structural causal relation (among volunteer satisfaction,, family soundness, and family life satisfaction) and the moderating effects of service characteristics (motivation, period, and reward) through structural equation (including multi-group analysis). The study findings are as follows. First, there was a significant causal relation among volunteer satisfaction,, family soundness, and family life satisfaction. Second, volunteer satisfaction, (antecedent) specially had a significant relation with activity satisfaction and family soundness (mediator) specially had a significant relation with sharing of belief system and problem-solving capability. Third, among the service characteristics, only service period and reward were significant. These findings imply that on the assumption that service performance in family volunteer activities may lead to family performance, a systematic participating family-centered management system should be developed. This study, therefore, suggests a two tract approach, a pre-participant assessment post-program design strategy, and a systematic service period and reward connection strategy for improvement of service performance and family soundness.