Abstract
The performance of organic devices such as organic light-emitting diodes or organic field-effect transistors is intimately connected to the nature and dynamics of the charge carriers in the device components. Using the model oligomer octithiophene, we experimentally demonstrate that the low-lying electronic excitations in $p\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{t}\mathrm{y}\mathrm{p}\mathrm{e}$ doped films are significantly confined on the molecule due to polaronic effects and thus deserve the name polaron excitations. Our results allow for a quantitative experimental determination of the charge carrier (polaron) extension, which is of the order of $20 \AA{}.$
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