Abstract
Background: Space closure by en masse intrusion and retraction in orthodontics is of particular interest. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the stress distribution and displacement of maxillary anterior teeth. Materials and Methods: Four different finite element models of maxillary arch were constructed to understand the nature of stresses and displacement patterns of anterior teeth during en masse intrusion and retraction on force application with different combinations of mini-implants and retraction hooks. Results: In this study, tensile stresses were seen in the cervical region and various movements of teeth such as lingual crown tipping, bodily movement, lingual root tipping, intrusion, and extrusion were observed. Conclusion: Nature of stresses changes from tensile to compressive from cervical area to apical area. Various tooth displacements suggest that different combinations of mini-implants and retraction hooks affect the direction of the tooth movement.
Highlights
M alocclusion can occur in three planes of space, i.e., sagittal, transverse, and vertical plane.[1]
The constructed models along with the load application were imported into ANSYS software for analyzing the displacement and stress distribution corresponding to the force application
The results obtained consisted of the maximum von Mises stress concentration, stress distribution in the alveolar bone, periodontal ligament (PDL) [Table 2], and initial displacement of each individual anterior tooth in all the three X, Y, and Z‐axes [Table 3]
Summary
M alocclusion can occur in three planes of space, i.e., sagittal, transverse, and vertical plane.[1]. The actions and reactions of the forces and moments must, be studied so as to reduce empiricism in the orthodontic treatment.[2]. In many of the cases, it is required to achieve absolute anchorage for retraction of anterior teeth or protraction of posterior teeth. Such anchorage can be provided extraorally with headgear or intraorally using adjacent teeth or dental implants.[3] Orthodontic mini‐implants (OMIs) have modernized orthodontic anchorage and biomechanics by making anchorage. Materials and Methods: Four different finite element models of maxillary arch were constructed to understand the nature of stresses and displacement patterns of anterior teeth during en masse intrusion and retraction on force application with different combinations of mini‐implants and retraction hooks. Various tooth displacements suggest that different combinations of mini‐implants and retraction hooks affect the direction of the tooth movement
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