Strengthening of Laminated Veneer Lumber Slabs with Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Sheets—Preliminary Study

Abstract

Analyzing the feasibility of reinforcing new and existing wooden structures is a valid problem, being the subject of numerous scientific papers. The paper presents the preliminary results of a study on reinforcing Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL) panels with composite materials bonded to exterior surfaces using epoxy resin. Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) sheets, Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) sheets, and Ultra-High-Modulus (UHM) CFRP sheets were used as reinforcement. The variables in the analysis were the type of reinforcement and the number of reinforcement layers. The tests were carried out on small samples (45 × 45 × 900 mm) subjected to the so-called four-point bending test. Reinforcement positively affected the mechanical properties of composite section. The highest increases in load bearing were 37 and 48% for two layers of GFRP and CFRP, respectively. The bending stiffness increased up to 53 and 62% for two layers of CFRP and UHM CFRP, respectively. There was a change in failure mode from cracking in the tension zone for unreinforced beams to veneer shear in the support zone (for CFRP and GFRP sheets) and sheet rupture (UHM CFRP). Good agreement was obtained for estimating bending stiffness with the presented numerical and mathematical model; the relative error was up to 6% for CFRP and GFRP and up to 20% for UHM CFRP. This preliminary study proved the effectiveness of combining LVL with FRP sheets and indicated their weak spots, which should be further analyzed to improve their competitiveness against the traditional structures. The key limitation was the shear strength of LVL.