Strategies for utilizing the potential of sea energy sources as new and renewable energy in Indonesia with the quadruple helix approach

Abstract

One of the principles to achieve national energy independence and resilience is to maximize the use of new and renewable energy (NRE) by taking into account the economic level and mastery of technology. The economic level is not only seen from the energy price point of view, but also must be seen from its impact on the environment, economic activity growth and employment. Mastery of technology and industry can guarantee the continuity of the use and development of NRE independently and sustainably. The contribution of NRE in national energy need is targeted as much as 23% in 2025, and 31.2% in 2050 (NEGP, 2017). In 2015 the contribution of NRE in national energy consumtion was only 5%, and in 2018 increased to around 12% (MEMR, 2018), the potential for renewable energy in Indonesia is quite high but its utilization is still not very significant, there are still limited research on it both by research institution as well as academia, it is presumably due to various challenges and obstacles both technical and non-technical. Result of this study analysis show that there is a need for comprehensive NRE roadmap supported by reliable regulations. Beside it, the implementation of energy independence requires involvement of quadruple helix collaboration, i.e. Academia; Business; Government; and Society.