Abstract
Enantioselective chromatography is one of the most used techniques for the separation and purification of enantiomers. The most important issue for a specific successful enantioseparation is the selection of the suitable chiral stationary phase (CSP). Different synthetic approaches have been applied for the preparation of CSPs, which embrace coating and immobilization methods. In addition to the classical and broadly applied coating and immobilization procedures, innovating strategies have been introduced recently. In this review, an overview of different methods for the preparation of coated and immobilized CSPs is described. Updated examples of CSPs associated with the various strategies are presented. Considering that after the preparation of a CSP its characterization is fundamental, the methods used for the characterization of all the described CSPs are emphasized.
Highlights
The separation of enantiomers in an analytical and preparative scale is undoubtedly a matter of crucial importance in diverse research areas [1]
A new chiral stationary phase (CSP) was prepared by Li et al [37] by coating cellulose (3,5dimethylphenylcarbamate) onto reduced graphene oxide which was covalently coupled to microspheres of silica gel
L., Thermoresponsive chiral stationary phase functionalized with the copolymer of β-cyclodextrin and NThermoresponsive chiral stationary phase functionalized with the copolymer of β-cyclodextrin and N-isopropylacrylamide isopropylacrylamide for high performance liquid chromatography
Summary
The separation of enantiomers in an analytical and preparative scale is undoubtedly a matter of crucial importance in diverse research areas [1]. The strategies encompassed the development of new chiral selectors, the introduction of new chromatographic supports and the application of different synthetic approaches for the preparation of CSPs. The first described CSPs were prepared by coating the chiral selector onto the surface of porous silica by Davankov [18]. For some types of CSPs, such as protein and polysaccharide-based ones, immobilized CSPs could present a reduction in the chiral recognition ability as a consequence of the immobilization process [23]. To minimize this drawback, some considerations should be taken into account such as the control of the native support or chiral selector derivatization as well as the degree of immobilization, to preserve the structure of the chiral selector. The methods used for their characterization are emphasised
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