Strategic Choices: Examining the United States Military Response to the Chinese Anti-Satellite Test

Abstract

The Chinese ASAT test resulted in a kill to a derelict satellite and the production of a debris field that now threatens other satellites in low earth orbit. More importantly, this event crossed a potentially dangerous threshold in the “weaponization” of space. Space assets are now perceived as more vulnerable than ever to direct attack or from accidental damage from orbital debris. This article focuses on the U.S. military response to the Chinese ASAT test. The U.S. military has three basic perspectives from which to react to ths test. First, it can prepare to act offensively to eliminate threats. Secondly, it can choose to develop and field defensive systems. Finally, it can engage in space security cooperation to protect U.S. and international space-based assets and defuse an arms race. The direction the U.S. military takes will ultimately be a function of larger U.S. government policy and national security decisions. On the eve of the election of a new U.S. administration, we find ourselves at a strategic crossroads concerning the protection of our interests in space. The road we take may have far-reaching implications and consequences. It is in our best national security interests to tread carefully and get it right.