Abstract
DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY OF BOROBUDUR NATIONAL TOURISM AREAABSTRAKKawasan Borobudur dan sekitarnya termasuk salah satu Kawasan Strategis Pariwisata Nasional (KSPN). Pemerintah mentargetkan kunjungan wisatawan asing ke kawasan ini sebanyak 2 juta wisatawan asing, dan 11 juta wisatawan domestik pada tahun 2019. Di sisi lain, Balai Konservasi Borobudur (BKB) yang bertanggungjawab dalam pemelihara Candi Borobudur telah menbuat kajian bahwa daya tampung Borobudur hanya 123 orang naik bersamaan di atas candi, dan 528 orang di halaman candi. Saat ini jumlah wisatawan yang naik 10 kali lipatnya, dan terdapat indikasi kerusakan. Berkaitan dengan hal tersebut, tujuan penelitian ini adalah; 1) bagaimana solusi pengelolaan KSPN Borobudur agar terjadi sisi kelestarian serta tercapai target kunjungan, 2) bagaimana peran yang dapat dilaksanakan oleh pemerintah daerah di sekitar Kawasan Borobudur untuk menyambut penetapan status kawasan dan proyek stretegis yang akan dilaksanakan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara dan pengamatan langsung, serta penelusuran data sekunder melalui berbagai dokumen. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan analisis interaktif sebagaimana dikembangkan oleh Miles & Huberman. Penelitian dilakukan di sekitar kawasan Borobudur, yaitu Kabupaten Magelang, Kabupaten Purworejo, dan Kota Magelang. Adapun kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah: 1) solusai pengelolaan kawasan wisata Borobudur ialah dengan mengubah mindset wisata tidak lagi berpusat pada Candi Borobudur semata, tetapi pariwisata berbasis landscape budaya dan masyarakat, dimana Borobudur menjadi salah satu bagiannya. Paradigma wisata bergeser dari monument-centric ke kawasan lebih luas dan tidak lagi terpusat, tetapi pelibatan aktif masyarakat. 2) Pemerintah daerah (Kabupaten Magelang, Kabupaten Purworejo, dan Kota Magelang) selayaknya berbenah dengan berbagai program pembangunan pendukung dalam rangka meningkatkan percepatan daya saing daerah dan menangkap peluang pengembangan ekonomi untuk meningkatkan pembangunan daerah dan kesejahteraan masyarakat.Kata Kunci: Borobudur, Wisata, Kawasan wisataABSTRACTBorobudur area and its surroundings are one of the National Tourism Strategic Areas (KSPN). The government targets tourist arrivals to the Borobudur area to reach 2 million foreign tourists, and 11 million domestic tourists by 2019. On the other hand, the Borobudur Conservation Center (BKB) which is responsible for maintaining Borobudur Temple has made study that Borobudur's capacity is only 123 people rose above the temple in one time, and 528 people in the temple yard. This time, the number of tourists rose 10-fold, and there were indications of damage. In this regard, the purpose of this study is; 1) How is the solution to the management of Borobudur KSPN so that there is a sustainability side as well as the target of visits, 2) What role can the local government around the Borobudur area take to determine the status of the area and the strategic project to be implemented. This research was conducted using qualitative. Data is collected through interviews and direct observation, as well as tracking secondary data through various documents. Data analysis was performed using interactive analysis made by Miles & Huberman. The study was conducted around the Borobudur area, namely the Magelang Regency, Purworejo Regency, and Magelang City,. The conclusions of this study are: 1) the solution for managing the Borobudur tourist area is to change the mindset of tourism no longer centered on Borobudur Temple alone, the cultural and community landscape, and Borobudur making one of its parts. The tourism paradigm shifts from the monument-centric to the wider area and is no longer centralized, but the active involvement of the community. 2) Local governments (Magelang Regency, Purworejo Regency, and Magelang City) should improve with various supporting development programs in order to increase the acceleration of regional competitiveness and increase economic development opportunities to increase regional development and community welfare.
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