Abstract
This paper reports on the writing of long period gratings (LPGs) in a six-ring pure silica solid core, and large mode area photonic crystal fiber (fiber core diameter ρ = 10.1 μm) using a CO2 laser system, and the characterization of their strain and temperature sensitivities. Temperature and strain sensitivities in the order of −19.6 pm/°C and −88 pm/μɛ, respectively, were obtained, which were comparable or surpassed values of the similar photonic crystal fiber (PCF)-based LPG or sensor configurations found in the literature.
Highlights
Photonic crystal fiber (PCF), called microstructured optical fiber (MOF), is a type of optical fiber with a microstructured cladding, which improves some light propagation features and even introduces new ones when compared to the properties of conventional optical fibers [1, 2]
A comparison to data available in the literature showed that long period gratings (LPGs)-E presented, for instance, a similar temperature sensitivity (–19.6 pm/°C) as that found in LPGs written in pure silica PCF by CO2 laser (–21.51 pm/ °C ) [28], but different from the sensitivity (–10.9 pm/°C) found by Zhu et al [32] for LPGs in photonic crystal fiber by the use of focused pulses of a CO2 laser and a periodic stress relaxation technique without geometrical deformation and elongation of the fiber
Strain and temperature characteristics of long period fiber gratings written in a pure silica solid, not hydrogenated, core photonic crystal fiber with CO2 laser were investigated
Summary
Photonic crystal fiber (PCF), called microstructured optical fiber (MOF), is a type of optical fiber with a microstructured cladding, which improves some light propagation features and even introduces new ones when compared to the properties of conventional optical fibers [1, 2] They operate as single mode optical waveguides over a broad range of wavelengths [3]; they present lower bend losses [4]; they enable specific designs for the exploitation of nonlinearities [5], and they can guide light in hollow cores [6]. Given the increasing importance of PCF-based LPGs for several sensing applications, this work described their fabrication using the CO2 laser irradiation exposure in a commercial six-ring solid core, pure silica, large mode area photonic crystal fiber, and their characterizations over strain and temperature in order to obtain the corresponding sensitivity. The data are compared with results from the literature and contribute to the amount of information required for the design and fabrication of improved sensors in photonic crystal fibers
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