Abstract
Storytelling is shown as an effective approach to humanize information perception. However, its potential to build a biased view of the information contents is often neglected. Moreover, narrative understanding and emotion may interfere with data visualization comprehension. In this research, we evaluated how users perceived the information in two different configurations: One with a report with graphs and narrative side notes texts, and the second with a redesigned fully annotated content. The test compared the two groups in both qualitative and quantitative methods. The quantitative results were obtained by a survey and statistically analyzed with a T-Test. This indicated that the condescending storytelling approach augmented the perception of the effect signaled by the presented narrative. Also, the qualitative results collected afterward by interview and focus group have shown that, as the readers of narrative models perceived a higher intensity of the effect, they have also expected an even higher result from the selected data. The final analysis of the experiment helped to indicate that ordering, highlights, and semantics have a strong role in how the narrative influences the perception of the reader.
Highlights
The use of data is frequently presented as a tool for pointing facts or as an indicator of truth (Campbell, 2018; Dahlstrom, 2014)
At question ‘1 – Perception of the intensity of the effect shown by the graphic’, where zero means “there is no perceivable effect” and 8 $ ' o9n e hundredmHean5s a “clearly perceivable effect”, the effect group that received the storytelling-based graphic had a response that indicated a stronger connection between the graphic results and the effect presented, with a difference of the means value varying on t 4.792 (p < 0.0001)
At question ‘2 – inquiring on how trustful where the information presented by the graphic’, with zero meaning “unrealistic graphic content” and one hundred meaning “the graphic presents a trustworthy content”, the effect group had a more skewed distribution signaling less doubt on the graphics content, with a significance of p < 0.0001 for t 4.377 difference of the mean values attributed to their perception
Summary
The use of data is frequently presented as a tool for pointing facts or as an indicator of truth (Campbell, 2018; Dahlstrom, 2014). Data presentation induces different inferential models despite the main content (Campbell, 2018). The biological cognitive apparatus, works differently for images: They are perceived faster but the brain requires continuous visual scans to fully understand the image’s theoretical, ontological, semantical, and semiotic contexts for its comprehension (Bae et al, 2019). The brain requires memory to understand the image that is being seen and image cognition processes are somehow closer to textual comprehension. In both written or spoken contexts, the system of
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