Abstract
To solve the problems of increasing local flooding, water shortage, and water pollution caused by the traditional model of urban development, the Chinese government proposed a new model of urban development—the Sponge City. In Beijing, the capital of China, research on storm water management in urban areas has been carried out since 1989 and has put forward the concept of urban storm water harvesting and flood control. The further research and demonstration application started in 2000. So far, a series of policies and technology standards on storm water management have been formulated, which promote the application of technologies on comprehensive urban storm water harvesting and flood control. A significant number of storm water harvesting and flood control projects have been built in Beijing, which are now playing important roles in runoff reduction, local flood control, non-point source pollution reduction, and storm water utilization. However, it does not solve the above problem completely. Storm water management and flood control needs to be further strengthened. The “Sponge City” is based on natural and ecological laws, which allows storm water to be managed with natural infiltration, natural retention and detention, and natural cleaning facilities. Through in-depth analysis of the connotation, characteristics, and construction path of “Sponge City”, this paper summarizes the status quo of urban rainwater flooding, flood control technology development and application, and Beijing policy and engineering to introduce the overall ideas and methods of Sponge City construction. All the above will provide a reference for cities with similar problems in the construction of sponge cities.
Highlights
With global warming, rainstorms and other extreme weather events are occurring frequently, leading to flood and non-point source pollution [1]
In order to solve this problem, in the late 1990s, the state of Maryland in the United States developed Low Impact Development (LID) technology to achieve runoff and pollution control caused by heavy rain, mainly through decentralized, small-scale source control
The concepts and related measures of storm water harvesting and storm water management in Japan and rainwater storage infiltration in Japan are offer important precedents for different countries to deal with urban flooding and runoff pollution
Summary
Rainstorms and other extreme weather events are occurring frequently, leading to flood and non-point source pollution [1]. In order to solve this problem, in the late 1990s, the state of Maryland in the United States developed Low Impact Development (LID) technology to achieve runoff and pollution control caused by heavy rain, mainly through decentralized, small-scale source control. The concepts and related measures of storm water harvesting and storm water management in Japan and rainwater storage infiltration in Japan are offer important precedents for different countries to deal with urban flooding and runoff pollution. Since 1949, China’s management of urban rainwater runoff has generally experienced three. It is the earliest city in China and has achieved good results It has played an important role in reducing and controlling urban rainfall runoff, reducing non-point source pollution and preventing urban infighting. Studying the current situation of sponge cities in Beijing, especially in the management of storms and floods, will help to provide experience and reference for the international defense construction of cities affected by floods [6]
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