Stochastic Monte Carlo‐based voltage variation analysis for low‐voltage hybrid DC/AC radial distribution feeders interfaced with DERs

Abstract

This study proposes a hybrid DC/AC radial distribution feeder architecture for the future microgrids. The architecture includes multiple distributed energy resource (DER) integrated household premises with AC and DC ports. Voltage unbalance (VU) and voltage drop (VD) in AC or DC distribution feeders are a research area that needs to be revisited in the light of the DERs integration. This study analyses the voltage variations occurring as a result of household DERs integration in the proposed low-voltage hybrid DC/AC distribution feeders. The impact of DERs rating and its location on DC or AC distribution feeder voltage is analysed by varying these parameters stochastically, via Monte Carlo algorithm. Sweep backward–forward load flow analysis technique is implemented to gain knowledge of distribution node voltage profiles for different source and load scenarios. The impact of cross-feeder VU, sag, and swell conditions is also evaluated here. The test case studies are primarily conducted for static conditions which are further extended to dynamic test profiles. This study would help in predicting a failure index of voltage fluctuations in the proposed hybrid DC/AC radial feeders in the presence of the DERs. The results are obtained through the MATLAB and PSCAD/EMTDC-based simulation studies.