Abstract
The purpose of this study was to understand the functional roles of macrophages in periodontal disease. In this study, we examined the effects of intraperitoneal injection of Bacteroides gingivalis, which is thought to be an etiological agent of adult periodontal disease, on production of interleukin-1 (IL-1) and various functions of mouse peritoneal macrophages, including Fc-receptor (FcR) mediated-phagocytosis, lysosomal enzyme activity, and cytostatic activity. Macrophages from B. gingivalis-injected mice (1 mg/mouse; dry weight) produced a significant amount of IL-1 as early as one day after injection, and peak production was observed on day 3 after the injection. However, the production declined by day 5. B. gingivalis also induced increases in FcR-mediated phagocytosis, acid phosphatase activity, and cytostatic activity as early as one day after injection with the peak being detected on day 3. IL-1 activity in the macrophage-conditioned medium (MCM) increased within the first 6 hr of the cultivation and then reached a plateau. The activity in the MCM was cell density- and concentration-dependent. The peak of IL-1 activity in the MCM was observed in the fractions having a molecular weight of 17, 000 as determined by Sephadex G-100 column chromatography. These results show that B. gingivalis has the ability to induce functional activation of mouse peritoneal macrophages, which suggests that similar activation of macrophages may occur in lesions of periodontal disease.
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