Abstract
Because of climatic changes, the cultivation of temperate climate plants such as peach in subtropical climates has become a challenge. In these areas, temperatures exceeding 25°C often occur during the pre-flowering and flowering phases. The high temperature causes damages by acting during the early stages of pollen-pistil interaction processes. The objective of this work was to evaluate the stigmatic receptivity of peach flowers at 18°C and 30°C. The pollen adherence was evaluated as well as the germination and presence of pollen tubes in the transmitting tissue of the style. The genotypes responded differently to temperature. ‘Granada,’ ‘Diamante’, and ‘Sensação’ had a stigmatic receptivity that was less affected when flowers were exposed to the higher temperature. Most genotypes showed a reduction in the number of pistils with pollen tubes growing in the style, particularly when pollination was delayed.
Highlights
As well as an increase in the intensity of climatic conditions such as extreme cold and hot periods, is an important threat to agricultural crops in some regions (IPCC, 2015), those in which conditions are already marginal for the crops, which is the case of peach cultivation in subtropical regions (Souza et al, 2017a)
The peach, because of the necessity accumulating chill hours, may be affected by a temperature increase, in subtropical and tropical zones, that can affect the pollen grain germination and fruit setting rate (Souza, Pio, Tadeu, Zambon, & Reighard, 2017b). Both high and low temperatures damage the reproductive tissues of plants by causing an advance or delay in flowering, asynchrony between the development of male and female floral structures, the formation of defective gametes and problems in fertilization (Zinn, Tunc-Ozdemir, & Harper, 2010)
This study indicated that high temperature decreased the viability of embryo sacs and lowered the production of normal pollen grains in the cultivar ‘Granada’
Summary
As well as an increase in the intensity of climatic conditions such as extreme cold and hot periods, is an important threat to agricultural crops in some regions (IPCC, 2015), those in which conditions are already marginal for the crops, which is the case of peach cultivation in subtropical regions (Souza et al, 2017a). The peach, because of the necessity accumulating chill hours, may be affected by a temperature increase, in subtropical and tropical zones, that can affect the pollen grain germination and fruit setting rate (Souza, Pio, Tadeu, Zambon, & Reighard, 2017b) Both high and low temperatures damage the reproductive tissues of plants by causing an advance or delay in flowering, asynchrony between the development of male and female floral structures, the formation of defective gametes and problems in fertilization (Zinn, Tunc-Ozdemir, & Harper, 2010). It is known that the reproductive stage is the most stress-sensitive phase, and the tolerance to this factor is a limiting characteristic of the plant’s productivity (Hedhly, 2011; Zinn et al, 2010)
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