Sticky Expectations and Stock Market Anomalies

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We propose a theory of one of the most economically significant stock market anomalies, i.e. the ``profitability'' anomaly. In our model, investors forecast future profits using a signal and sticky belief dynamics a la Coibion and Gorodnichenko (2012). In this model, past profits forecast future returns (the profitability anomaly). Using analyst forecast data, we measure expectation stickiness at the firm level and find strong support for three additional predictions of the model: (1) analysts are on average more pessimistic for high profit firms, (2) the profitability anomaly is stronger for stocks which are followed by stickier analysts, and (3) it is also stronger for stocks with more persistent profits.