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Abstract
This article presents the sterilization of bacteria using cavitation bubbles. Cavitation generated by ultrasound creates a cavitation cloud. Therefore is more advantageous to generate the cavitation bubbles by laser-induced breakdown, because it is possible to generate individual bubbles for the purpose of study single impact and physical mechanism of acting. The cavitation bubble is generated by a Nd: YAG 532nm laser beam, a short 10ns pulse. Here, we used optics to focus the laser beam and a high-speed camera to visualize characteristics the bubble. We used the method of long-distance microscopy and shadowgraph lightening for the visualization. We used the particle image velocimetry (PIV) method to determine the interaction of the bubble with the surrounding liquid and solid surface. The main goal of the research is to use cavitation to sterilize bacteria and biofilm in impact of single bubble collapse on living cells.
Highlights
Cavitation is mostly famous as a negative effect in turbo machinery
We focused on the behavior of the cavitation bubble with respect to the vertical location of the surface, both in terms of visualization and the study of the behavior of the liquid, which is locally accelerated by cavitation and exerts a force on a larger circle of cells than just the jet caused by bubble collapse
We use particle image velocimetry (PIV) method for calculation of the normalized velocity of the vector field where we determine the interaction of the cavitation bubble with surrounding and velocity of collapse cavitation bubble
Summary
Cavitation is mostly famous as a negative effect in turbo machinery. These effects of cavitation have a potential for use in medicine, industry, biology, etc. Bubbles should be generated by rotating propeller or vibrating surface Another option is local deposition of energy or electrical discharge. The convenient method for generating a single cavitation bubble is Laser Induced Breakdown (LIB). The LIB method makes it possible to generate a cavitation bubble using ultrashort pulses of millijoules energies [6,7,8,9]. This method is thermal decomposition based on the generation of natural plasma. This plasma is in the form of optical breakdown, if the pulse exposure is from microseconds to femtoseconds. Kennedy [7] explained the whole mechanism of the ionization very well
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