Status of orphan children in Ukraine in war

Abstract

Purpose. The aim of our study is to study the historical experience of preventing homelessness and neglect of orphans, as well as the characteristics of legal norms that guarantee the protection of orphans in wartime. Method. The methodology includes a comprehensive analysis and generalization of theoretical and source material and further formulation of relevant conclusions and recommendations. The study used the principles of objectivity and systematicity, as well as general scientific, special legal and special historical methods of scientific knowledge: analysis, synthesis, comparative, functional-legal, system-historical. Results. The problem of orphans should be considered through the prism of the analysis of the historical experience of the emergence of such a phenomenon and the fight against it; causes of homelessness and neglect of orphans; the procedure for taking into care, adoption and upbringing of orphans; information policy of the state in the field of protection of orphans. Respect for the rights of the child is a fundamental task of the state and civil society. This problem is especially relevant in times of war, when the child is always the least protected. Statistics on the number of children orphaned by the war (since 2014), the number of children forcibly deported to Russia, the internal movement of orphans from areas where hostilities are taking place, indicate the urgency of the problem and the need to consolidate society to address this problems. Scientific novelty. The historical aspects of preventing child homelessness are analyzed, the causes of this phenomenon are determined; the changes that have taken place in the national legislation regarding the procedure of taking into care, adoption and upbringing of orphans are pointed out. Practical significance. The results of the study can be used in further historical and legal research, preparation of special courses.