Abstract
A large portion of Canada is covered by wetlands; mapping and monitoring them is of great importance for various applications. In this regard, Remote Sensing (RS) technology has been widely employed for wetland studies in Canada over the past 45 years. This study evaluates meta-data to investigate the status and trends of wetland studies in Canada using RS technology by reviewing the scientific papers published between 1976 and the end of 2020 (300 papers in total). Initially, a meta-analysis was conducted to analyze the status of RS-based wetland studies in terms of the wetland classification systems, methods, classes, RS data usage, publication details (e.g., authors, keywords, citations, and publications time), geographic information, and level of classification accuracies. The deep systematic review of 128 peer-reviewed articles illustrated the rising trend in using multi-source RS datasets along with advanced machine learning algorithms for wetland mapping in Canada. It was also observed that most of the studies were implemented over the province of Ontario. Pixel-based supervised classifiers were the most popular wetland classification algorithms. This review summarizes different RS systems and methodologies for wetland mapping in Canada to outline how RS has been utilized for the generation of wetland inventories. The results of this review paper provide the current state-of-the-art methods and datasets for wetland studies in Canada and will provide direction for future wetland mapping research.
Highlights
Wetlands are ecosystems where terrestrial and aquatic regions meet and share some characteristics
In addition to demonstrating the general characteristics of 300 Remote Sensing (RS)-based wetland studies in Canada, a comprehensive survey and discussion of the meta-analysis status and trends were provided to present a comprehensive overview of mapping studies
This review paper demonstrated the trends of RS-based wetlands studies in Canada by investigating 300 articles published from 1976 to 2020
Summary
Wetlands are ecosystems where terrestrial and aquatic regions meet and share some characteristics. Wetlands are invaluable natural resources that provide exceptional benefits to humans and the surrounding environment [2]. From an economic perspective, wetlands are important due to their extensive applications for recreational activities [8], fish and shellfish aquacultures [9], flood mitigation [10], and providing diverse wildlife habitat [11,12]. Despite their numerous benefits, wetlands have been threatened by climate
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