Abstract
Multiferroic magnetoelectric (ME) composites are attractive materials for various electrically and magnetically cross-coupled devices. Many studies have been conducted on fundamental understanding, fabrication processes, and applications of ME composite material systems in the last four decades which has brought the technology closer to realization in practical devices. In this article, we present a review of ME composite materials and some notable potential applications based upon their properties. A brief summary is presented on the parameters that influence the performance of ME composites, their coupling structures, fabrications processes, characterization techniques, and perspectives on direct (magnetic to electric) and converse (electric to magnetic) ME devices. Overall, the research on ME composite systems has brought us closer to their deployment.
Highlights
The multifunctional properties of multiferroics enable the design of novel electronic devices for various sensing, transduction and memory applications
ME composites with a range of composite connectivity, including new connectivity designs that cannot be readily synthesized by traditional routes are being developed through the fabrication
Summary ofData reported power densities from the MME harvesters made with different composite systems
Summary
The multifunctional properties of multiferroics enable the design of novel electronic devices for various sensing, transduction and memory applications. In multiferroic magnetoelectric (ME) materials, coupling occurs between the magnetic and electric subsystems This enables the control of dielectric polarization P by a magnetic field H (direct ME (DME) effect: ∆P = αH ∆H) and the manipulation of magnetization M by an electric field E (converse ME (CME) effect: μ0 ∆M = αE ∆E), with μ0 denoting the vacuum permeability. Most of the single phase materials possess either low coupling at room temperature have been found so far. In DME coupling, the applied magnetic field generates strain in the magnetic layer via the the magnetostriction effect, and this strain transferredtotothe thepiezoelectric piezoelectriclayer layerresulting resulting in in an magnetostriction effect, and this strain is is transferred an electric electric displacement or a dielectric polarization through the piezoelectric effect.
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