Abstract
This article provides an overview of modern technologies and implemented projects in the field of renewable energy systems for the electrification of railway transport. In the first part, the relevance of the use of renewable energy on the railways is discussed. Various types of power-generating systems in railway stations and platforms along the track, as well as in separate areas, are considered. The focus is on wind and solar energy conversion systems. The second part is devoted to the analysis of various types of energy storage devices used in projects for the electrification of railway transport since the energy storage system is one of the key elements in a hybrid renewable energy system. Systems with kinetic storage, electrochemical storage batteries, supercapacitors, hydrogen energy storage are considered. Particular attention is paid to technologies for accumulating and converting hydrogen into electrical energy, as well as hybrid systems that combine several types of storage devices with different ranges of charge/discharge rates. A comparative analysis of various hybrid electric power plant configurations, depending on the functions they perform in the electrification systems of railway transport, has been carried out.
Highlights
Renewable energy sources are increasingly being introduced into all sectors of the from a renewable energy (RE) source
It allows energy sources and energy storage systems to improve the efficiency and environmental for better stability compared to a situation where only one type of ESS is used, which is friendliness of railway transport
The analysis identified the main criteria for the feasibility of using various options for renewable energy systems at
Summary
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. It is planned that by 2021, the national rail transport of India will use up to 1 GW of solar energy [3]. A significant number are in operation, including at 900 railway stations Indian Railways can use 51,000 hectares of unused land to build solar power plants (SPPs) with a total capacity of up to 20 GW. In addition to various physical and electrochemical storage systems, energy can be stored in the form of hydrogen produced by water electrolysis using renewable sources. In. Section 3, energy storage systems (ESS) and their feasibility for railway electrification systems are discussed, the best options are chosen based on the analysis. Particular attention is paid to the role of hydrogen technologies in HRES for railway electrification
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