Abstract
In this study, nutrients release/adsorption from/by raw poultry manure-derived biochar produced at a pyrolysis temperature of 600 °C (RPM-B) was assessed under static and dynamic conditions. Batch sequential leaching experiments of RPM-B for a total contact time of 10 days showed that both phosphorus and potassium were slowly released but with higher amounts compared to various other animal- and lignocellulosic-derived biochars. The cumulated released P and K amounts were assessed to 93.6 and 17.1 mg g−1, which represent about 95% and 43% of their original contents in the RPM-B, respectively. The column combined leaching/adsorption experiments showed that amending an alkaline sandy agricultural soil with two doses of RPM-B (at 5% and 8% w:w) resulted in an efficient retention of NO3-N and NH4-N, and on the contrary, important leached amounts of PO4-P, K+, Mg2+, and Ca2+ but with relatively slow kinetic release rates for a long period. Even after 40 days of dynamic leaching, these latter nutrients continued to be released with kinetic rates lower than 10 mg kg−1 d−1. Thus, compared to synthetic fertilizers, RPM-B valorization as organic amendment for poor semiarid soils could be considered as an attractive, eco-friendly, and sustainable waste recycling option.
Highlights
Animal biomasses including raw poultry manure (RPM) are organic wastes that are globally produced in large amounts from farming activities [1,2]
The K and P contents of the RPM-derived biochar (RPM-B) were assessed to 6.6% and 4.3%, respectively
The main objective of this research study was to assess the capacity of a biochar generated from poultry manure to release/adsorb nutrients under both static and dynamic conditions
Summary
Animal biomasses including raw poultry manure (RPM) are organic wastes that are globally produced in large amounts from farming activities [1,2]. Sustainability 2021, 13, 1212 since it permits their turning into three valuable by-products: biogas and bio-oil (biofuels) for energy purposes and a solid carbonaceous residue named “biochar” [9] This animal-biomasses-derived-biochars could be valorized in environmental applications as an effective adsorbent for pollutants contained in liquid and gaseous effluents [10] or in agriculture as an eco-friendly fertilizer [5]. In the latter purpose, these biochars are assumed to act as a soil conditioner and fertilizer by improving soil properties, nutrients availability, and crop yields [4,5,11]. The application of these biochars in agriculture could reduce emissions of carbon dioxide and methane gas for global warming mitigation [12]
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