Abstract
The smart grid (SG) is a promising platform for providing more reliable, efficient, and cost effective electricity to the consumers in a secure manner. Numerous initiatives across the globe are taken by both industry and academia in order to compile various security issues in the smart grid network. Unfortunately, there is no impactful survey paper available in the literature on authentications in the smart grid network. Therefore, this paper addresses the required objectives of an authentication protocol in the smart grid network along with the focus on mutual authentication, access control, and secure integration among different SG components. We review the existing authentication protocols, and analyze mutual authentication, privacy, trust, integrity, and confidentiality of communicating information in the smart grid network. We review authentications between the communicated entities in the smart grid, such as smart appliance, smart meter, energy provider, control center (CC), and home/building/neighborhood area network gateways (GW). We also review the existing authentication schemes for the vehicle-to-grid (V2G) communication network along with various available secure integration and access control schemes. We also discuss the importance of the mutual authentication among SG entities while providing confidentiality and privacy preservation, seamless integration, and required access control with lower overhead, cost, and delay. This paper will help to provide a better understanding of current authentication, authorization, and secure integration issues in the smart grid network and directions to create interest among researchers to further explore these promising areas.
Highlights
The smart grid (SG) refers to a revolutionary power delivery system with several notable features like balancing supply-demand, monitoring inflicted loads, and integrating distributed and renewable energy that provides electric power to the consumers in a more efficient, reliable, and stable manner [1]
We have presented the current state of authentication, access control, and secure integration in the Smart Grid (SG)
We critically evaluated the existing work, and identified future directions for developing efficient and secure authentication protocols for the future SG and V2G systems
Summary
The smart grid (SG) refers to a revolutionary power delivery system with several notable features like balancing supply-demand, monitoring inflicted loads, and integrating distributed and renewable energy that provides electric power to the consumers in a more efficient, reliable, and stable manner [1]. Security and privacy issues are one of the most important challenges faced by the future smart grid These issues include lack of mutual authentication between communicated entities, risk of various cyber-attacks, unauthorized access to the resources, revealing of device’s and network’s private information to the communicating entity, etc. Before allowing any entity to have an access over a network and its associated resources, it is required to authenticate the entity, which may be a device or a user, and verify the authorization and control policy based on the entity’s identity. We provide a comprehensive overview of various security and privacy issues in the SG with focuses on mutual authentication, access control, and secure integration.
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